Collotelinite dominates the vitrinite group; telinite was observed in quantities of ≤ 1 vol.% despite efforts to better quantify this maceral by etching the sample pellets in potassium permanganate and also by exposure in an oxygen plasma chamber. Inertinite group macerals typically represent < 10 vol.% of the coal samples and the highest concentrations of inertinite macerals are found in distantly spaced (> 400 km) upper Paleocene coal samples from opposite sides of Lago de Maracaibo, possibly indicating tectonic controls on subsidence related to construction of the Andean orogen. Values of maximum reflectance of vitrinite in oil (R_{o max}) range between 0.42% and 0.85% and generally are consistent with the high-volatile bituminous rank classification obtained through ASTM methods. X-ray diffraction analyses of low-temperature ash residues indicate that kaolinite, quartz, illite and pyrite dominate the inorganic fraction of most samples; plagioclase, potassium feldspar, calcite, siderite, ankerite, marcasite, rutile, anatase and apatite are present in minor or trace concentrations. Semiquantitative values of volume percent pyrite content show a strong correlation with pyritic sulfur and some sulfide-hosted trace element concentrations (As and Hg). This work provides a modern quality dataset for the western Venezuela coal deposits currently being exploited and will serve as the foundation for an ongoing coal quality research program in Venezuela.

Proved recoverable coal reserves at end-1999 (million tonnes)
Country	Bituminous (including anthracite)	Sub-bituminous	Lignite	TOTAL
United States of America	115891	101021	33082	249994
Russian Federation	49088	97472	10450	157010
China	62200	33700	18600	114500
India	82396		2000	84396
Australia	42550	1840	37700	82090
South Africa	49520			49520
Ukraine	16274	15946	1933	34153
Kazakhstan	31000		3000	34000
Poland	20300		1860	22160
Brazil		11929		11929
Colombia	6267	381		6648
Canada	3471	871	2236	6578
Venezuela	479			479
Argentina		430		430